From the ruins of empire: the revolt against the West and the remaking of Asia

Asia subordinated

Egypt : 'the beginning of a series of great misfortunes' ; The slow battering of India and China ; The new global hierarchy

The strange odyssey of Jamal al-Din al-Afghani

An insignificant man in rough garments ; The 'sick man' of Europe and his dangerous self-therapy ; Egypt : the polemicist emerges ; Beyond self-strengthening : the origins of pan-Islamism and nationalism ; The European interlude ; Apotheosis in Persia ; In a golden cage : al-Afghani's last days in Istanbul ; The long aftermath

Liang Qichao's China and the fate of Asia

The enviable but inimitable rise of Japan ; The first impulses of reform ; Japan and the perils of exile ; The Boxer Rising : more lessons from defeat ; Pan-Asianism : the pleasures of cosmopolitanism ; Liang and democracy in America ; The temptations of autocracy and revolution

1919, 'changing the history of the world'

The United States and its promises of self-determination ; Liberal internationalism or liberal imperialism? ; Making the world unsafe for democracy ; The decline of the West?

Rabindranath Tagore in East Asia, the man from the lost country

Asia remade

The sting in the tail : pan-Asianism and military decolonization ; Intellectual decolonization : the rise of neo-traditionalists ; The triumphs of the nation-state : Turkey, the sick man, revives ; 'The Chinese people have stood up' ; The rise of the 'rest'

An ambiguous revenge.